Research published in the European Heart Journal suggests that drinking a small to moderate amount of wine, particularly as part of a Mediterranean diet, may significantly lower the risk of serious cardiovascular events in high-risk individuals.
The study, led by Professor Ramon Estruch from the University of Barcelona, used urinary tartaric acid—a reliable biomarker of wine consumption—to objectively measure participants’ wine intake. Over a 4-5 year follow-up of 1,232 participants, light-to-moderate wine drinkers (defined as up to one glass per day) experienced a 50% reduction in cardiovascular events, including heart attack and stroke, compared to non-drinkers. Light wine consumption (less than half a glass daily) was associated with a 38% risk reduction. However, the protective effect diminished with consumption beyond one glass per day.
These findings reinforce the role of moderate wine consumption within the framework of a Mediterranean diet—rich in olive oil, vegetables, fruits, nuts, and fish—as part of a heart-healthy lifestyle. The authors caution, however, that this observational study shows correlation, not causation, and may not generalize to all populations.
Accompanying commentary highlights the importance of biomarkers like tartaric acid in understanding the relationship between dietary habits and health outcomes. While moderate wine consumption may contribute to cardiovascular health, excessive intake carries risks, emphasizing the importance of moderation.
